Improving access to fresh and clean water for all ( Shishenin Evgeny and Ilyuhina Masha)

Our school taks part in different international projects: GTP, WCRIP, MUN. Shishenin Evgeny and Ilyuhina Masha have participated in MUN conference and in the "Water pollution" modul of WCRIP and have studied question of Improving access to fresh and clean water for all.
Here is their resolution:

PART I
Affirming that water as one of the most widespread compounds in the nature is an obligatory component practically of all technological processes in industry and agriculture,

Aware of that at total amount of hydrosphere 1390 millions km3 resources of fresh water necessary for mankind, animals and plants constitute only 35,8 millions km3 (2,6 % of this volume),

Noting with regret that:
a)63 % of all used fresh waters are spent irrevocably, and on creation of reservoirs there is only 4 % of fresh water resources,
b)The consumption of water grows by such rates that in many countries the lack of water resources is felt (consumption of water for the last 15 years has increased 1,5 times),

Alarmed by that alongside with threat of deficiency of freshwater on a global scale the pollution of hydrosphere grows,

Pointing out that the basic reasons of pollution are the dumps of industrial, agricultural and household waters , harmful atmospheric precipitation getting in internal reservoirs and seas, in soil hydrological systems,

Noting further that owing to natural and technical disasters the increased contents of petroleum, salts of heavy metals, other microorganisms, radioactive and toxic substances is discovered in water,

Noting with satisfaction that most member nations have signed the Convention on the Law of the Sea,

Emphasizing also that in a number of countries each fifth test of water from under the tap does not pass on sanitary - chemical parameters and each tenth on microbiological, thus good-quality water is used only by 1/3 of the population of the Earth ,

Taking into account the World organization of public health services data that in some regions of the Earth 80 % of diseases are connected to consumption of poor quality water.

PART II

1.Calls upon all countries to cooperate оп maintenance of ecological safety of water resources;

2.Believes for fulfilment of all the International Agreements оn the Maintenance of the population freshen also by nеt water accepted before;

3. Approves study of demand on water and consumption map with the purposes of drawing up of the effective circuits of distribution of water resources on the industrial and household purposes;

4.Proposes to develop the International program " Water protection -XXI century ", providing scientific and information attending, expert estimation and investment in the various projects of pollution prevention and increase of clean water resources in various countries and regions;

5.Expresses its hope , that the World bank will finance the International program " Water protection -XXI century ";

6.Further proclaims the following basic directions for water protection activities оn an international scale:
а)The discontinuance of dump of industrial, agricultural and household waters in internal reservoirs and seas, interdiction for burial places at the bottom of chemical, radioactive and other harmful substances;
b)Increase of quantity of the modern ship and coastal clearing equipment for elimination of failures consequences and pollution of water areas and coastal territories;
c)Development of advanced ecological protection technologies for operations with petroleum on water objects and processing of oil-containing waters;
d)Clearing of the rivers , lakes and other internal reservoirs bottom pollution;
e)Introduction of modern biological methods of waste water treatment and receiving carriers of energy as final products of the processing;

7.Suggests such ways of overcoming of crisis of net fresh water as:
а) Drawing up of the effective circuits of water resources distribution оп the industrial and household purposes;
b)Redistribution of river drains with the help of their transference and construction of reservoirs;
c)Accomplishment of the available projects of water swapping through the water-pipes from Greenland and Antarctic Continent to Europe, from Amazon to Africa;
d)Use as alternative sources of water-supply towage of icebergs from Arctic Region and Antarctic Continent and distillation of marine water;

8.Proclaims by а main problem achievement of high quality and special cleanliness of water for preparation of drinks and food products;

9.Supports in these purposes the following measures:
а) reduction of the standards of various countries on quality of drinking water in conformity with the specifications of the European Economic Union and World Organization of public health Services;
b) perfecting the instructions on methods of test and increase of control parameters of water quality оп chemical, microbiological and radiologic parameters;
с) expansion of production and use of household filters for sources of the urban water-supply;
d) increase of industrial bottling from artesian chinks and springs of drinking water in bottles and other household capacities;
e) perfecting technologies of water -preparation for production of drinks and food products;
f) improvement of professional skill of the experts for water-productions;

10.Calls upon to support the activity of general public and organizations engaged in solving the problems of clean water resources: WHO, Greenpeace and others;

11.Strongly invites all member nations to sign and ratify the Convention on the Law of the Sea, and implement all its obligations immediately, if they have not yet done so.

Gymnasium 157
SPb, 1999-2000